is the study of rights and duties of citizenship. In other words, it is the study of government with attention to the role of citizens ― as opposed to external factors ― in the operation and oversight of government.Most civic theories are more trusting of public institutions, and can be characterizing on a scale from least to most degree of trust placed in key public institutions. At the risk of extreme oversimplification, an historical view of civic theory in action suggests that the theories be ranked as follows:Trusting of the instincts and power of large groups—no consistent civics at all,No government or other hierarchy, a common ,nforced only by personal governance and voluntary association. philosophy based on the premise that all individuals are sovereign over their own lives and no one should be forced to sacrifice his/her values or property for the benefit of others. The government would be limited to protection of the country.
Civics refers not to the ethical or moral or political basis by which a ruler acquires power, but only to the processes and procedures they follow in actually exercising it. Thus, some figures, e.g. Napoleon, count as totalitarian because they instituted a rules of succession to favor themselves and their families. Meanwhile, other figures who were arguably more cruel or arbitrary are ranked as examples of lesser public trust, because in practice they followed clearer procedures
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